They are basic components of electrical circuits. They are made from semiconductor materials and have three electrodes: the base, the collector and the emitter.
There are two types of transistor: NPN and PNP.
- When no electrons are flowing through the base, it is in cut off.
- When many electrons are flowing through the base, it is in saturation.
- When the flow of electrons through the base is between the cut off and saturation levels, it is in the active region.
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